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Compare Cape Verde (2001) - Indian Ocean (2001)
Compare Cape Verde (2001) z Indian Ocean (2001)
| Cape Verde (2001) | Indian Ocean (2001) | |
 |  | |
| Administrative divisions | 14 districts (concelhos, singular - concelho); Boa Vista, Brava, Fogo, Maio, Paul, Praia, Porto Novo, Ribeira Grande, Sal, Santa Catarina, Santa Cruz, Sao Nicolau, Sao Vicente, Tarrafal; note - there may be a new administrative structure of 16 districts (Boa Vista, Brava, Maio, Mosteiros, Paul, Praia, Porto Novo, Ribeira Grande, Sal, Santa Catarina, Santa Cruz, Sao Domingos, Sao Nicolau, Sao Filipe, Sao Vicente, Tarrafal) | - |
| Age structure | 0-14 years:
42.79% (male 87,458; female 85,895) 15-64 years: 50.76% (male 97,812; female 107,834) 65 years and over: 6.45% (male 10,204; female 15,960) (2001 est.) |
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| Agriculture - products | bananas, corn, beans, sweet potatoes, sugarcane, coffee, peanuts; fish | - |
| Airports | 8 (2000) | - |
| Airports - with paved runways | total:
8 over 3,047 m: 1 914 to 1,523 m: 7 (2000) |
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| Area | total:
4,033 sq km land: 4,033 sq km water: 0 sq km |
total:
68.556 million sq km note: includes Andaman Sea, Arabian Sea, Bay of Bengal, Great Australian Bight, Gulf of Aden, Gulf of Oman, Mozambique Channel, Persian Gulf, Red Sea, Strait of Malacca, and other tributary water bodies |
| Area - comparative | slightly larger than Rhode Island | about 5.5 times the size of the US |
| Background | The uninhabited islands were discovered and colonized by the Portuguese in the 15th century; they subsequently became a trading center for African slaves. Most Cape Verdeans descend from both groups. Independence was achieved in 1975. | The Indian Ocean is the third-largest of the world's five oceans (after the Pacific Ocean and Atlantic Ocean, but larger than the Southern Ocean and Arctic Ocean). Four critically important access waterways are the Suez Canal (Egypt), Bab el Mandeb (Djibouti-Yemen), Strait of Hormuz (Iran-Oman), and Strait of Malacca (Indonesia-Malaysia). The decision by the International Hydrographic Organization in the spring of 2000 to delimit a fifth ocean, the Southern Ocean, removed the portion of the Indian Ocean south of 60 degrees south. |
| Birth rate | 28.71 births/1,000 population (2001 est.) | - |
| Budget | revenues:
$188 million expenditures: $228 million, including capital expenditures of $116 million (1996) |
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| Capital | Praia | - |
| Climate | temperate; warm, dry summer; precipitation meager and very erratic | northeast monsoon (December to April), southwest monsoon (June to October); tropical cyclones occur during May/June and October/November in the northern Indian Ocean and January/February in the southern Indian Ocean |
| Coastline | 965 km | 66,526 km |
| Constitution | new constitution came into force 25 September 1992; underwent a major revision on 23 November 1995, substantially increasing the powers of the president | - |
| Country name | conventional long form:
Republic of Cape Verde conventional short form: Cape Verde local long form: Republica de Cabo Verde local short form: Cabo Verde |
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| Currency | Cape Verdean escudo (CVE) | - |
| Death rate | 7.19 deaths/1,000 population (2001 est.) | - |
| Debt - external | $260 million (2000) | - |
| Diplomatic representation from the US | chief of mission:
Ambassador Michael D. METELITS embassy: Rua Abilio Macedo 81, Praia mailing address: C. P. 201, Praia telephone: [238] 61 56 16 FAX: [238] 61 13 55 |
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| Diplomatic representation in the US | chief of mission:
Ambassador Ferdinand Amilcar Spencer LOPES chancery: 3415 Massachusetts Avenue NW, Washington, DC 20007 telephone: [1] (202) 965-6820 FAX: [1] (202) 965-1207 consulate(s) general: Boston |
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| Disputes - international | none | some maritime disputes (see littoral states) |
| Economic aid - recipient | $111.3 million (1995) | - |
| Economy - overview | Cape Verde's low per capita GDP reflects a poor natural resource base, including serious water shortages exacerbated by cycles of long-term drought. The economy is service-oriented, with commerce, transport, and public services accounting for almost 70% of GDP. Although nearly 70% of the population lives in rural areas, the share of agriculture in GDP in 1998 was only 13%, of which fishing accounts for 1.5%. About 90% of food must be imported. The fishing potential, mostly lobster and tuna, is not fully exploited. Cape Verde annually runs a high trade deficit, financed by foreign aid and remittances from emigrants; remittances constitute a supplement to GDP of more than 20%. Economic reforms, launched by the new democratic government in 1991, are aimed at developing the private sector and attracting foreign investment to diversify the economy. Prospects for 2001 depend heavily on the maintenance of aid flows, remittances, and the momentum of the government's development program. | The Indian Ocean provides major sea routes connecting the Middle East, Africa, and East Asia with Europe and the Americas. It carries a particularly heavy traffic of petroleum and petroleum products from the oilfields of the Persian Gulf and Indonesia. Its fish are of great and growing importance to the bordering countries for domestic consumption and export. Fishing fleets from Russia, Japan, South Korea, and Taiwan also exploit the Indian Ocean, mainly for shrimp and tuna. Large reserves of hydrocarbons are being tapped in the offshore areas of Saudi Arabia, Iran, India, and western Australia. An estimated 40% of the world's offshore oil production comes from the Indian Ocean. Beach sands rich in heavy minerals and offshore placer deposits are actively exploited by bordering countries, particularly India, South Africa, Indonesia, Sri Lanka, and Thailand. |
| Electricity - consumption | 37.2 million kWh (1999) | - |
| Electricity - exports | 0 kWh (1999) | - |
| Electricity - imports | 0 kWh (1999) | - |
| Electricity - production | 40 million kWh (1999) | - |
| Electricity - production by source | fossil fuel:
100% hydro: 0% nuclear: 0% other: 0% (1999) |
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| Elevation extremes | lowest point:
Atlantic Ocean 0 m highest point: Mt. Fogo 2,829 m (a volcano on Fogo Island) |
lowest point:
Java Trench -7,258 m highest point: sea level 0 m |
| Environment - current issues | overgrazing of livestock and improper land use such as the cultivation of crops on steep slopes has led to soil erosion; demand for wood used as fuel has resulted in deforestation; desertification; environmental damage has threatened several species of birds and reptiles; overfishing | endangered marine species include the dugong, seals, turtles, and whales; oil pollution in the Arabian Sea, Persian Gulf, and Red Sea |
| Environment - international agreements | party to:
Biodiversity, Climate Change, Desertification, Environmental Modification, Hazardous Wastes, Law of the Sea, Marine Dumping signed, but not ratified: none of the selected agreements |
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| Ethnic groups | Creole (mulatto) 71%, African 28%, European 1% | - |
| Exchange rates | Cape Verdean escudos per US dollar - 123.080 (December 2000), 115.877 (2000), 102.700 (1999), 98.158 (1998), 93.177 (1997), 82.591 (1996) | - |
| Executive branch | chief of state:
President Pedro PIRES (since 22 March 2001) head of government: Prime Minister Jose Maria Pereira NEVES (since 1 February 1991) cabinet: Council of Ministers appointed by the president on the recommendation of the prime minister from among the members of the National Assembly elections: president elected by popular vote for a five-year term; election last held 11 and 25 February 2001 (next to be held NA February 2006); prime minister nominated by the National Assembly and appointed by the president election results: Pedro PIRES elected president; percent of vote - Pedro PIRES (PAICV) 49.43%, Carlos VIEGA (MPD) 49.42%; note: the election was won by only twelve votes |
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| Exports | $40 million (f.o.b., 2000 est.) | - |
| Exports - commodities | fuel, shoes, garments, fish, bananas, hides | - |
| Exports - partners | Portugal, UK, Germany, Spain, France, Malaysia | - |
| Fiscal year | calendar year | - |
| Flag description | three horizontal bands of light blue (top, double width), white (with a horizontal red stripe in the middle third), and light blue; a circle of 10 yellow five-pointed stars is centered on the hoist end of the red stripe and extends into the upper and lower blue bands | - |
| GDP | purchasing power parity - $670 million (2000 est.) | - |
| GDP - composition by sector | agriculture:
13% industry: 19% services: 68% (1998) |
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| GDP - per capita | purchasing power parity - $1,700 (2000 est.) | - |
| GDP - real growth rate | 6% (2000 est.) | - |
| Geographic coordinates | 16 00 N, 24 00 W | 20 00 S, 80 00 E |
| Geography - note | strategic location 500 km from west coast of Africa near major north-south sea routes; important communications station; important sea and air refueling site | major chokepoints include Bab el Mandeb, Strait of Hormuz, Strait of Malacca, southern access to the Suez Canal, and the Lombok Strait |
| Highways | total:
1,100 km paved: 858 km unpaved: 242 km (1996) |
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| Household income or consumption by percentage share | lowest 10%:
NA% highest 10%: NA% |
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| Illicit drugs | used as a transshipment point for illicit drugs moving from Latin America and Africa destined for Western Europe | - |
| Imports | $250 million (f.o.b., 2000 est.) | - |
| Imports - commodities | foodstuffs, industrial products, transport equipment, fuels | - |
| Imports - partners | Portugal, Netherlands, France, UK, Spain, US | - |
| Independence | 5 July 1975 (from Portugal) | - |
| Industrial production growth rate | NA% | - |
| Industries | food and beverages, fish processing, shoes and garments, salt mining, ship repair | - |
| Infant mortality rate | 53.22 deaths/1,000 live births (2001 est.) | - |
| Inflation rate (consumer prices) | 4% (2000) | - |
| International organization participation | ACCT, ACP, AfDB, CCC, ECA, ECOWAS, FAO, G-77, IBRD, ICAO, ICFTU, ICRM, IDA, IFAD, IFC, IFRCS, ILO, IMF, IMO, Intelsat, Interpol, IOC, IOM (observer), ITU, NAM, OAU, OPCW, UN, UNCTAD, UNESCO, UNIDO, UNTAET, UPU, WHO, WIPO, WMO, WTrO (observer) | - |
| Internet Service Providers (ISPs) | 1 (2000) | - |
| Irrigated land | 1,500 to 2,000 hectares (1999) | - |
| Judicial branch | Supreme Tribunal of Justice or Supremo Tribunal de Justia | - |
| Labor force | NA | - |
| Land boundaries | 0 km | - |
| Land use | arable land:
11% permanent crops: 0% permanent pastures: 6% forests and woodland: 0% other: 83% (1993 est.) |
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| Languages | Portuguese, Crioulo (a blend of Portuguese and West African words) | - |
| Legal system | derived from the legal system of Portugal | - |
| Legislative branch | unicameral National Assembly or Assembleia Nacional (72 seats; members are elected by popular vote to serve five-year terms)
elections: last held 14 January 2001 (next to be held NA December 2005) election results: percent of vote by party - PAICV 47.3%, MPD 39.8%, ADM 6%, other 6.9%; seats by party - PAICV 40, MPD 30, ADM 2 |
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| Life expectancy at birth | total population:
69.21 years male: 65.93 years female: 72.6 years (2001 est.) |
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| Literacy | definition:
age 15 and over can read and write total population: 71.6% male: 81.4% female: 63.8% (1995 est.) |
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| Location | Western Africa, group of islands in the North Atlantic Ocean, west of Senegal | body of water between Africa, the Southern Ocean, Asia, and Australia |
| Map references | World | World |
| Maritime claims | measured from claimed archipelagic baselines
contiguous zone: 24 NM exclusive economic zone: 200 NM territorial sea: 12 NM |
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| Merchant marine | total:
5 ships (1,000 GRT or over) totaling 9,523 GRT/11,798 DWT ships by type: cargo 4, chemical tanker 1 (2000 est.) |
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| Military branches | Army, Coast Guard/Marines | - |
| Military expenditures - dollar figure | $4 million (FY96) | - |
| Military expenditures - percent of GDP | 1.8% (FY96) | - |
| Military manpower - availability | males age 15-49:
89,543 (2001 est.) |
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| Military manpower - fit for military service | males age 15-49:
50,615 (2001 est.) |
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| National holiday | Independence Day, 5 July (1975) | - |
| Nationality | noun:
Cape Verdean(s) adjective: Cape Verdean |
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| Natural hazards | prolonged droughts; harmattan wind can obscure visibility; volcanically and seismically active | occasional icebergs pose navigational hazard in southern reaches |
| Natural resources | salt, basalt rock, pozzuolana (a siliceous volcanic ash used to produce hydraulic cement), limestone, kaolin, fish | oil and gas fields, fish, shrimp, sand and gravel aggregates, placer deposits, polymetallic nodules |
| Net migration rate | -12.37 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2001 est.) | - |
| Political parties and leaders | African Party for Independence of Cape Verde or PAICV [Jose Maria NEVES, chairman]; Democratic Alliance for Change or ADM [Dr. Eurico MONTEIRO] (a coalition of PCD, PTS, and UCID); Democratic Renovation Party or PRD [Jacinto SANTOS, president]; Movement for Democracy or MPD [Antonio Gualberto do ROSARIO, president]; Party for Democratic Convergence or PCD [Dr. Eurico MONTEIRO, president]; Party of Work and Solidarity or PTS [Dr. Oresimo SILVEIRA, president]; Social Democratic Party or PSD [Joao ALEM, president]; Union for an Independent Democratic Cape Verde or UCID [Antonio MONTEIRO, president] | - |
| Political pressure groups and leaders | NA | - |
| Population | 405,163 (July 2001 est.) | - |
| Population below poverty line | NA% | - |
| Population growth rate | 0.92% (2001 est.) | - |
| Ports and harbors | Mindelo, Praia, Tarrafal | Chennai (Madras; India), Colombo (Sri Lanka), Durban (South Africa), Jakarta (Indonesia), Kolkata (Calcutta; India) Melbourne (Australia), Mumbai (Bombay; India), Richards Bay (South Africa) |
| Radio broadcast stations | AM 0, FM 11 (and 14 repeaters), shortwave 0 (1998) | - |
| Radios | 73,000 (1997) | - |
| Railways | 0 km | - |
| Religions | Roman Catholic (infused with indigenous beliefs); Protestant (mostly Church of the Nazarene) | - |
| Sex ratio | at birth:
1.03 male(s)/female under 15 years: 1.02 male(s)/female 15-64 years: 0.91 male(s)/female 65 years and over: 0.64 male(s)/female total population: 0.93 male(s)/female (2001 est.) |
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| Suffrage | 18 years of age; universal | - |
| Telephone system | general assessment:
effective system, being improved domestic: interisland microwave radio relay system with both analog and digital exchanges; work is in progress on a submarine fiber-optic cable system which was scheduled for completion in 1998 international: 2 coaxial submarine cables; HF radiotelephone to Senegal and Guinea-Bissau; satellite earth station - 1 Intelsat (Atlantic Ocean) |
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| Telephones - main lines in use | 45,644 (2000) | - |
| Telephones - mobile cellular | 19,729 (1997) | - |
| Television broadcast stations | 1 (1997) | - |
| Terrain | steep, rugged, rocky, volcanic | surface dominated by counterclockwise gyre (broad, circular system of currents) in the southern Indian Ocean; unique reversal of surface currents in the northern Indian Ocean; low atmospheric pressure over southwest Asia from hot, rising, summer air results in the southwest monsoon and southwest-to-northeast winds and currents, while high pressure over northern Asia from cold, falling, winter air results in the northeast monsoon and northeast-to-southwest winds and currents; ocean floor is dominated by the Mid-Indian Ocean Ridge and subdivided by the Southeast Indian Ocean Ridge, Southwest Indian Ocean Ridge, and Ninetyeast Ridge |
| Total fertility rate | 4.05 children born/woman (2001 est.) | - |
| Unemployment rate | 24% (1999 est.) | - |
| Waterways | none | - |
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